DNS - Domain Name System (Sistema de Nombres de Dominio), forma parte de la red troncal de Internet que le permite navegar por Internet sin problemas.
Cómo funciona el DNS
Cómo funciona el DNSYou can view a DNS as a phonebook directory where a certain name has a corresponding number. In a nutshell, a DNS is a translator between us and the internet (Computers and other devices in the network). That’s, computers only understand numbers; we humans understand words better.
When you want to access a certain service on the internet, the first thing you do is type the domain address, e.g., google.com. But the internet won’t understand that. What it will understand is the IP address, e.g., 216.58.204.14. It’s the DNS work to look up for the corresponding IP address of the domain name.
These IP addresses are stored in DNS servers. These are special kind of computers that resolve, translate and look up for the domain names and their corresponding IP addresses. The internet is made of many DNS servers, and if one DNS server can’t resolve a domain name to its IP address, it passes the request to other DNS servers till the IP address is found. Sometimes, the domain name may not have a corresponding IP address, and you might get a response, “We’re having trouble finding that site or the website doesn’t exist.’’
Secuestro de DNS
Secuestro de DNSComo ya se ha mencionado, hay varios servidores DNS, y las solicitudes DNS se pasan a diferentes servidores DNS hasta que se encuentran resultados.
DNS hijacking is a malicious practice that involves redirecting your DNS queries to a wrong DNS server. When your query is finally serviced, you end up getting the wrong results. DNS hijacking is dangerous in that you may land on a spoofed site that may look like the legitimate site you wanted to visit. For instance, a spoofed website. It’s even more dangerous when phishing is involved.
In both cases, you might end up giving your confidential and sensitive information unknowingly such as emails, usernames, and their passwords, your credit card number and other Personally identifiable information (PII) that could be used in identity theft and fraud.
A veces puede resultar molesto y otras peligroso. Por ejemplo, si tecleas un nombre de dominio que no existe, tu ISP puede aprovecharse de ello y redirigirte a sus sitios web cargados de anuncios. Algunos de estos anuncios pueden ser intrusivos y violar tu privacidad.
Maneras de secuestrar tus DNS
- Servidor DNS fraudulento
Some DNS servers on the internet are compromised, and their purpose is to enable malicious actors to hijack your DNS. When your DNS queries traverse the unsecured internet, you won’t know what DNS server services it. If it gets redirected to a compromised server, your DNS will be hijacked. Good thing, hacking a DNS server is hard, but redirecting your DNS traffic can be quite easy. For instance, there are many free DNS servers online claiming that they can bypass censorships and unblock websites. Since they are free, your DNS traffic will be used to service their costs.
- Malware
Malware is harmful, and when they target your DNS, they may change your DNS settings to those of a compromised DNS server. This will redirect all your internet traffic to the DNS server, and your personal private information will be harvested without your knowledge. As said earlier, when spoofing and phishing are involved, the damage can be much worse as a result of identity theft.
Otros actores maliciosos no te causarán mucho daño, pero les estarás sacando provecho. En este caso, obtendrá resultados cargados de anuncios redirigidos e interminables.
- Interferencias del proveedor de servicios de Internet
Los ISP malintencionados también pueden secuestrar su consulta DNS. Esto ocurre sobre todo cuando escribes nombres de dominio que no existen. Su ISP secuestrará la respuesta "el sitio web no existe" y la sustituirá por un sitio web que contiene el mismo mensaje pero cargado de anuncios. Este sitio web también puede utilizarse para recopilar sus datos.
Cómo protegerse contra el secuestro de DNS
Cómo protegerse contra el secuestro de DNS- Utilizar IPBurger VPN
IPBurger VPN routes your internet traffic via a secure encrypted tunnel. This ensures that your DNS queries are not exposed to prying eyes such as cybercriminals who can redirect them to rogue DNS servers. Hence IPBurger VPN provides you security and privacy while surfing the open internet.
- Utilice un software antivirus/antimalware de confianza
Reliable antivirus/antimalware software also protects you against unauthorized system changes. This means malware can’t change your DNS settings. Also, remember to update your antivirus/antimalware software regularly.
- Evite los servidores DNS gratuitos
Free DNS servers may promise a lot such as giving you access to blocked websites and other internet services. Some may work, and some will only harvest your data and also give you results loaded with ads.
- Actualice regularmente la contraseña de su router
Una buena gestión de las contraseñas exige que las cambies después de cierto tiempo o cuando te las hayan puesto. Los routers más populares vienen con una contraseña por defecto que se puede encontrar libremente en Internet. Si no la cambias, hay muchas posibilidades de que un ciberdelincuente altere la configuración DNS de tu router y secuestre tus consultas DNS.
- Esté alerta cuando navegue por Internet
DNS hijacking can happen to anyone including authoritative sites – this happens when authoritative DNS servers are poisoned. In this case, you might get legitimate results loaded with ads, or you might be redirected to a new page you have never seen before.
