網路阻止的概念已經存在了很長一段時間，這是許多國家正在使用的做法。但它實際上意味著什麼，普通互聯網使用者如何避免它？
什麼是網頁攔截？
Web blocking is a practice that is present in a lot of countries, and it includes various techniques that these countries’ ISPs (Internet Service Providers) are using to limit their users’ reach online. By using a combination of data feeds by various companies dedicated to content control, as well as that of government agencies, and forced by court orders, ISPs are basically blocking various websites and content that is available online.
阻止網站的原因很多，可能因國家/地區而異。通常，被阻止的內容包括色情內容、受版權保護的內容、惡意網站、ISP 預設引入的篩檢程式、教育內容（在某些情況下）、公司內容、技術威脅、極端主義材料、被政府列入黑名單的網站等。包含種族和宗教仇恨的網站也被刪除，還有各種駭客網站等等。
To block and filter these websites, the ISPs and the government agencies use a wide range of methods. Those include IP address blocking, DNS hijacking and/or blocking, as well as Deep packet inspections.
當然，阻止內容是一個非常有爭議和複雜的問題。拒絕在線訪問內容可能被視為侵犯了自由戰鬥組織的用戶數字權利。但是，即使他們看到了阻止危險材料和惡意網站的潛在好處，這些材料和惡意網站可能會直接傷害使用者，或導致對他人造成傷害。
更不用說其他重要問題，比如兒童的性化，這些問題迫使很多人改變對網路封鎖的看法，並開始從更有利的角度來看待它。
然而，互聯網的發展已經找到了一種處理這些塊和篩檢程式的方法，現在幾乎任何人都可以繞過它們，無論他們是否精通技術。
如何自由訪問網路？
As mentioned, there are a lot of countries around the world that are practising web blocking, with only a handful of them that are not. Some of these countries are blocking only what is deemed necessary for the protection of the users. Others, however, have started doing it for different purposes too. The concept has even led to repression of information in some extreme cases, like North Korea, and alike.
直到今天，英國仍然是繼續非常贊成網路阻止的最發達國家之一，有些人認為他們使用此功能的方式超出了必要的程度。此外，英國不僅阻止其公民訪問各種網站，而且還進行外部阻止，其中許多內容僅供該國公民使用。
Still, the internet consists of many talented individuals that have developed various methods of bypassing the blocks, and those include different tools that are available online. Things like proxies, VPNs, and anonymous browsers like Tor started popping up all over the internet in the last decade.
These are the tools that allow users to hide or change their IP address in order to confuse the ISP’s systems regarding their locations. The IP address blocking has a pretty similar concept. Various websites are blocked by the ISPs, but only for those IP addresses that they themselves are issuing. If the user connects to a server in a country that is not blocking a specific website, they will be given a new IP address, one that has access to that specific website.
That way, the block is bypassed, and the users will be granted access to the content blocked by their own ISP. Proxies work in a slightly different way, and most of them will only hide the user’s real IP. They also come as a more economical option, but VPNs are much safer to use since they provide a much larger level of privacy and online anonymity. Not to mention that most of the good ones do not record users’ browsing history, and even if they do, they are not connecting it to the specific user, but are instead using it to better their technology.
當然，使用者在使用這項技術時需要小心，避免免費服務始終是最佳選擇，因為他們可能會將此流覽歷史記錄出售給第三方。
至於像Tor這樣的匿名瀏覽器，它們也是一個不錯的選擇，但也有其自身的局限性。Tor 最大的問題是數據流緩慢，這使得通過此瀏覽器下載內容或觀看視頻幾乎是不可能的。儘管如此，Tor也有很多優點，其中之一是它允許訪問深網，並保持使用者資訊的私密性。
Methods of bypassing blocks and accessing the full potential of the internet are many, but the users need to remember that caution is always the top priority. The use of these methods is not illegal, but it is frowned upon in many countries, which might lead to government agencies contacting the VPN providers and asking for your information if you are detected as a VPN user. Some VPNs reserve the right to provide that info if asked to do so, so keep that in mind as well.
